The Republic of Equatorial Guinea is one of the smallest nations on the African continent—bordered by Gabon and Cameroon. Besides the mainland, the Republic of Equatorial Guinea is made up of five other islands, has a population of 722,254, and an area of 28,051 square kilometers. In 1968 the Republic of Equatorial Guinea gained independence from Spain. Officially, the Republic of Equatorial Guinea has been a constitutional democracy since 1991, but the president currently holds almost complete control of the nation.