The Republic of Peru, also known as Peru, is a south american country on the west side of the continent. It was conquered by the Spanish in 16th century, and eventually declared independence in 1821. Since independence, the country has undergone periods of political stability and instability, and several changes in government. Currently, it is a representative democratic republic, and is considered a developing nation. Despite its low-key status in the current international system, Peru is historically very important. Peru was once home to some of the most ancient civilizations in the world, including the Incan empire. Peru is also an ecological hotspot, and known for its diverse geography. There are plains on the coast, the Andes mountains in the north, and the Amazon river and rainforest in the east.

General Information
Official Name: 
Republic of Peru, República del Perú, Piruw Ripuwlika, Piruw Suyu
Capitol: 
Lima
Population: 
31,424,000
Languages: 
Spanish, Aymara, Quechua
Geographic Region: 
Americas
South America
Geographic Size (km sq): 
1,285,216
Year of UN Membership: 
1945
Year of Present State Formation: 
1879
Online Profiles
Key Statistics & Indicators
Gross Domestic Product (GDP, Nominal): 
$216.674 Billion
Per Capita Income (PPP Adjusted): 
$11,735 (CID)
GDP Growth: 
5.10 (%)
Human Development Index (HDI): 
0.74
Gini Index (Income Inequality): 
48.10
Economic Grouping: 
Developing Country
History
International Relations
UN Voting Blocs & Caucuses: 
Group of 77 (G-77)
Latin America Group
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
Major International & Regional Organizations: 
CAN/ACN: Andean Community of Nations
CD: Community of Democracies
CELAC: Community of Latin American and Caribbean States
G-11
IADB: Inter-American Development Bank
ICRM: International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
IFRCS: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
Interpol: International Criminal Police Organization
IOC: International Olympic Committee
IOM: International Organization for Migration
IPU: Inter-Parliamentary Union
ISO: International Organization for Standardization
ITSO: International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
ITUC: International Trade Union Confederation
LAES/SELA: Latin American and Caribbean Economic System
ALADI/LAIA: Latin American Integration Association
MercoSur: Southern Common Market
OAS: Organization of American States
OPANAL: Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean
Pacific Alliance
PCA: Permanent Court of Arbitration
UNASUR: Union of South American Nations
Union Latina
WCO: World Customs Organization
UN Specialized Agencies & Organizations: 
CD: Conference on Disarmament
CTBTO: Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization
FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN
IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency
IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization
ICSID: International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
IDA: International Development Association
IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFC: International Finance Corporation
ILO: International Labor Organization
IMF: International Monetary Fund
IMO: International Maritime Organization
ITU: International Telecommunications Union
MIGA: Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
OPCW: Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
UNIDO: United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNWTO: United Nations World Tourism Organization
UPU: Universal Postal Union
WBG: World Bank Group
WHO: World Health Organization
WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization
WMO: World Meteorological Organization
WTO: World Trade Organization
Current UN Peacekeeping Missions: 
MINURSO: UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
MINUSTAH: UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti
MONUSCO: UN Stabilisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
UNFICYP: United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
UNISFA: UN Interim Security Force for Abyei
UNMIL: United Nations Mission in Liberia
UNMISS: UN Mission in the Republic of South Sudan
UNOCI: United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire
Bilateral Relations
United Nations Data
Government Sources
UN Mission
820 Second Avenue, Suite 1600
New York, NY 10017
(212) 687-3336
(212) 972-6975
onuper@unperu.org

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